At a recent meeting of the American Chemical Society, the worlds largest professional scientific society, a researcher from Japan presented a paper demonstrating that plastics floating in the ocean break down faster than expected. Previously it was thought that plastics broke down very slowly (hundreds of years) and at very high temperatures.
Normally we like chemicals that break down, that is, degrade into smaller chemicals and eventually (hopefully) into carbon dioxide and water. But the study by Dr. Katsuhiko Saido of Nihon University suggests that when the plastics break down they release contaminants - some of them potentially very toxic.
The problem is more urgent because the oceans are now filled with plastic, which the New York Times called in a recent editorial, "...an amorphous, floating mass of waste plastic trapped in a gyre of currents..." Dr. Saido reports that these floating masses of plastic are releasing similar contaminants in seawater samples collected near Malaysia and the Pacific Northwest in addition to the northern Pacific between Hawaii and Japan. The northern Pacific patch is estimated to be on the order of twice the size of the state of Texas and may contain as much as 100 million tons of plastic debris.
Since plastic waste has long been known to trap up to a million seabirds every year and some 100,000 marine mammals, the discovery that degradation of the plastic releases contaminants is an added concern.
A video of the north Pacific gyre and plastic can be seen here.
[Note: Photograph by René Ehrhardt: attribution license]
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Comments: 104
How's the book doing?
And ... I saw a bit on this new continent of junk on PBS News and it was some horrible footage. It's amazing - a 50s sci fi movie could come from it, like how Lost Continent was about people living on the moss on the Sargasso Sea (it was crazy).
Good luck with the book! It's quite an achievement.
I call it a high level of self-survival.
My M.I.T. friends are scrambling to find ways to collect the ocean plastic and revitalize the reefs. It is a delicate balancing act and not easy to do when so many folk are all to willing to dismiss the necessity of a CLEAN Earth. So sad--I would rather my grandchildren have healthy foods than no taxes!
It's good that there are people looking for solutions. As you say, too many people are focused on their own paranoias to notice what more than 6 billion people can do to the earth.
Good night--I will re connect in the morning! God willing.
Which means we need to rethink what we desire. And consider it's entire life cycle of production, use, and disposal.
But everyone already has these chemicals in our blood, etc. even if we don't eat fish, from other sources since plastics are used in everything. The amounts of these chemicals found in us are very very small, and so ar there hasn't been shown that the presence of them causes any problems. But obviously the fact that they are there causes many people some concern.
But I agree - if we put a little of our "American ingenuity" into this effort (rather than simply denying or ignoring it), we can probably come up with a solution that makes good business sense.
A different mindset is needed. Plastics have allowed us to have so many products, protective devices, etc., but we need to rethink the entire life cycle (cradle to grave, or even cradle to cradle). Ditto for other non-plastic products and habits.
I forsee a fleet of specialized collection skimmer ships that are floating recycling factories. They would "mow" the plastic "continent" musch like combines harvest wheat in tandem and eject bales. Incoming plastics would be restored to fleece vests, 2 liter bottles, surgical tubing, one use syringes, toothbrushes and computers like the ones we are viewing this on.
Plastic has saved a lot of lives. The medical business would collapse without it. It saves a lot of fuel to. Delivering truck loads of glass bottles would be much more costly. Aircraft that use metals instead of plastic would be cumbersome and heavy.
We're clever and crafty. Some cagey private enterprise is going to turn this problem into gold. ANd they will use plastic to do it. :)
Now that seems like an opportunity waiting for someone to rake in the profits! Come on all you free enterprise folks...let's come up with a way to make cleaning up the gyre's a money maker.
And I also agree with your comments, El Toro, that plastic has saved a lot of lives and has many many uses that we are not about to abandon. So we need to find the right balance, and also to make sure that we aren't trashing the planet or leaching toxic chemicals into the environment (or us).
Great comment!
But just try getting people who do not care and do not understand to actually recycle things. I look up and down my street on recycle pickup morning and the houses with a green bin out front are less than half. the other houses, if they still have the bin it's in the attic full of christmas decorations.
There are also a lot of different types of plastic and lots of additives, and as the researcher mentioned in this article notes, some of the components of plastics might not be so good to let out into the environment and/or into our bodies. Of course, the same is true for many alternatives.
Which is why we need honest evaluations of these issues.
I hear you... but we should start somewhere. As much as I lack faith in the UN etc., it does sound like something up their alley to start. There are ways to put pressure on nations through trade laws etc. I dunno'....
Later...
I still like your idea of encouraging some private enterprise to go out there and make a financial haul collecting and recycling it all.
I'm not a brilliant person, nor can I state statistics on the matter, but I believe even the most simple person realizes what we are doing to our world, and that we really can make a difference.
Also, companies won't stop producing plastic products until we stop buying them. Which requires there to be alternatives. That just isn't going to be the case for most things. At least at the moment.
Bottom line is that it's a tough problem for which not enough people are looking for solutions.
Other nations are likely far bigger contributors to this plastic island than the US
Make it illegal? Stop producing it? What? Plastic? Why would we want to get rid of plastic? It's a freaking miracle product. We wouldnt' even be able to have this discussion without the existence of plastic. Don, do you think its a little odd to advocate the elimination of plastic while you caress the little plastic letters on your amazing little comm device?
As for us using more resources than other nations, of course we do. We are in a position to do, so they are not. If you decide to go without a new phone or jacket it doesn't make one become availible to a citizen of rural Mexico. We are able to use resources. Our use of these resources provides jobs for less developed nations. Its a win/win.
Nothing should be dumped in the sea. Come up with a non plastic plastic substitute and that's what we'll be trying to deal with next.
The trick is to find a way to make money off of cleaning it up, or better yet, not putting it there in the first place.
The trick is getting it out of a thousands of square mile area in the middle of the ocean. Though of course if we manage not to let it get into the ocean in the first place that would be better.
But I agree. We should be recycling and reusing our plastic.
Maybe the fishing boats with their nets could do a "sail-by" and scoop up a net full. Granted, it would takes years to get the bulk of it - but after that it just becomes maintenance. The trouble is what to do with the net fulls. We can't just bring it to shore and bury it - the same problem would still exist
Seriously tho - there has to be a way to solve it. It NEEDS to be cleaned up and kept that way. ASAP!
I'm writing the Prez. right now and nominating Morgan. Obama hasn't seen anything yet.... Ha!
A tiny bit of incentive goes a long way.