Washington’s conventional wisdom holds that President George W. Bush’s “surge” in troops sent to Iraq deserves credit for the drop in violence.
However, McClatchy Baghdad bureau chief Leila Fadel says the situation is much more complicated with some key elements – like the so-called Anbar Awakening – having predated the surge.
'Surge' Importance Disputed
Washington’s conventional wisdom holds that President George W. Bush’s “surge” in troops sent to Iraq deserves credit for the drop in violence.
However, McClatchy Baghdad bureau chief Leila Fadel says the situation is much more complicated with some key elements – like the so-called Anbar Awakening – having predated the surge.
Fadel says the ethnic cleansing of Sunni Muslims from Shiite areas as well as the sectarian segregation created by U.S.-built walls between Shia and Sunni neighborhoods also contributed to the decline in killings.


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The other issues, forced segregation of Sunni and Shia, agreement by al Sadr for a cease fire, and other activities, all contributed to the reduced violence. Some of these actions may have negative long term impacts, but they have been effective in the short term. That is the difficulty - translating short term, US-based, actions into workable long term Iraqi-based solutions that allow for sustainable self-sufficiency.